Which of the following is not typically used to manage psychological influences?

• A. Goal setting
• B. Positive self-talk
• C. Relaxation and visualisation
• D. Passive ignoring

Answer: (D)

Managing psychological influences in sport relies on active mental strategies that shape thoughts, feelings, and focus during performance. Goal setting provides clear targets and a plan, directing effort and maintaining motivation, especially under pressure. Positive self-talk changes the internal dialogue from self-doubt to confidence, helping to reduce anxiety and sustain performance consistency. Relaxation and visualisation lower arousal and rehearse successful execution, so the athlete feels prepared and in control. Passive ignoring, by contrast, doesn’t offer tools to regulate thoughts or emotions and leaves mental factors unchecked, which can allow nerves or distractions to undermine performance. That’s why the first three are typical ways to manage psychological influences, while passive ignoring isn’t used as a technique in this area.